The American's Castle Bravo test blast.
The Atomic Cannon (Upshot-Knothole Grable) 15 kt
The America atomic cannon test (Upshot-Knothole Grable), in which it was firing a 15 kt atomic shell.
View of Downtown Los Angeles, the central business district of the region. It would have been nuked by the Soviets if the Cold War had gone hot. Author: Marshall Astor from San Pedro, United States.
View of the port town of Greenock from Auchmountain Road. It was bombed in WW 2 and may have been nuked in if the Cold War went hot. Auothor: Trougnouf (Benoit Brummer).
Worlds Top 5 Nuclear Power Comparison 2015.
Worlds Top 5 Nuclear Power Comparison 2015.
Kelvedon Hatch emergency broadcast tower, which would have transmitted official announcements after a nuclear attack on the UK. English: Radio Antenna at Kelvedon Hatch (M. Kenyon), ~31 May 2007.
Southern part of the inner city part of Osnabrück. NATO forces were stationed in and near Osnabrück making it a target if the Cold War went 'hot'.
The closed city of Perm. If the Cold War had gone 'hot' Perm would have been nuked.
Unpaved road in Atakora, northern Benin, near the with border Togo. Well, at least they are not going to be nuked in a Cold War Atomic\nuclear war! Author: Martin Wegmann Wegmann.
A Scud launcher preserved at RAF Spadeadam, England.
Overview[]
"Nukes" or nuclear weapons are the name given to all radiological, fusion and fission weapons. War with these weapons is called atomic war and could lead to a nuclear\atomic holocaust or nuclear apocalypse. A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion (thermonuclear weapon) like the ones used in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. The first fission ("atomic") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of TNT at the Trinity nuclear test.
They are launched by the use of the military's nuclear launch codes and the authority and authentication of the president's/P.M.'s or defence ministers' Nuclear briefcase (UK), Cheget (USSR), «mobile base» (France) or Nuclear football (USA).
Why were they used on Hiroshima and Nagasaki[]
- To avoid an invasion of Japan in which ~5,000,000 Japanese, ~1,000,000 Americans and ~1,500,000 other Allied forces would die.
- To shorten the war by ~6 months and thus pre-empting the Soviet plans to invade Hokkaido.
- To test a new weapon on a city.
- To scare the USSR with.
- Revenge for attacking the US base at Pearl Harbour in 1941.
- To intimidate the rest of the word with.
- To get necrophilia high for those who wanted it to be used as recreational killing device?
- Parts of the US military and government had a racist agenda that was fixated with the mass killing Orientals.
Cold war nihilism[]
By the mid 1950s, the USSR and America had realised nukes were ideal to terrorise the wold with by threatening there opponents, how ever puny, with nuclear annihilation. America and the USSR did not give a sh*t about any one else, there ultimate goal was to either enslave or wipe out the rest of the world (and ironically them selves by default). Neither nation was morally fit to have nukes and so other nations (the UK, France, China, Israel, India and Pakistan) developed there own.
Who can launch them, the ultimate launch control[]
They are launched by the use of the military's nuclear launch codes and the authority and authentication of the leader's, deputy leader's and/or defence minister. They can be only lanced by the relevant personnel using a 'nuclear briefcase'. the indent of 4 of them are known: Nuclear briefcase (UK) Cheget (USSR\Russia), «mobile base» (France) or Nuclear football (USA).
Wartime usage[]
Technically speaking, it's a war in which nuclear weapons are used, ranging from a single, small weapon (like a bunker buster or the ones dropped by the United States on Japan in World War II) or an ad-hock terrorist bomb and all the way up to a full-blown assault with ICBMs between nuclear powers using atomic arms and their opponents (including those without nukes).
It would be used in World War 3 if mass death and destruction was needed and may then lead to a nuclear\atomic holocaust or nuclear apocalypse. The first fission ("atomic") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of TNT at the Trinity nuclear test. The first thermonuclear ("hydrogen") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 10,000,000 tons of TNT. The Hiroshima bomb was War with these weapons is called atomic war and could lead to a nuclear\atomic holocaust or nuclear apocalypse. The Hiroshima bomb released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of TNT and the Davy Crockett Weapon System released the same amount of energy as approximately 20 tons of TNT and the MGM-52 Lance missile could release 1,000 to 100,000 tonnes of TNT equivalent of explosive energy.
It was once reckoned in 1947 that it would take about 100 Hiroshima/Nagasaki yield level nukes that were either used simultaneously or in quick succession could destroy civilisation if not wipe out humanity across the planet.
Fall out shelters and atomic\nuclear bunkers[]
An interim government would have limped on from places like Kelvedon Hatch Secret Nuclear Bunker and RAF Hack Green for a while. Valuable members of the public, the armed forces and some critical industries would also be protected to a degree, but most would have perished!
The blast comparison list![]
The blast power per lb comparison list![]
- Bang goes the tonnage!
| Explosive. | Nationality. | Era. | % stronger/weaker than TNT. | TNT equivalent. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gunpowder | Chinese | Medieval | 0.45% | |
| Ammonia fertilizer | Various | WW1 | ||
| Torvex | American | Cold War | 0.80% | |
| TNT | German | American Civil War | ||
| Amatol | British | WW1 | 110% | |
| Ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) | American | Cold War | ||
| Semtex | Czechoslovak | Cold War | ||
| C-4 | British | Cold War | ||
| Torpex | British | WW2 | 150% | |
| Cycotol | ||||
| RDX | ||||
| PBX | ||||
| U-235 A-bomb | American | WW2 | +11,428.5714% | |
| Plutonium A-bomb | American | WW2 | +1,500,000% | |
| IMX-101 | American | |||
| Nitroglycerin (NG) | ||||
| Dynamite | ||||
| Gelignite | ||||
| Picric acid | British and French | |||
| Pure EGDN | Belgian | |||
| Ammonite | British | |||
The bomb blast comparison list![]
- Bombs away!
| Bomb. | Nationality. | Era. | Warhead. | TNT equivalent. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Mk 2 "Pine apple" grenade. | American | WW1. | The explosive charge was made of 2 oz of TNT or EC blank fire powder. | 2 oz |
| Soviet F1 "limonka" hand grenade. | Soviet | WW2 | 60 g of Trinitrotoluene (TNT). | 2.12 oz |
| POMZ, POMZ-2 and POMZ-2M stake mine- | Yugoslavian | Cold War | 75 g rod of cast TNT | 2.65 oz |
| 7.7 cm Feldkanone 96 neuer Art (7.7 cm FK 96 n.A.) Feldgranate 96: a 6.8 kilogram (15 lb) high-explosive shell . | German Imperial | WW1 | 0.19 kg (0.45 lbs) of TNT. | 0.45 lb (6.70 oz). |
| M18 Claymore mine | Amerian | Cold War | 680 g (24 oz) of C-4. | 32 oz (2 lb) |
| MON-50 mine | Soviet | Cold War | 700g of RDX (PVV-5A) | 32.92 oz |
| RP-3 (Rocket Projectile- 3 inch) | British | WW2 | 12 lb (5.4 kg) to 60 lb (27 kg) of TNT or TNT/RDX | 12 lb to 60 lb (TNT version) |
| A full RPE “Zarya” 6ZhV corporate polypropylene ammonite powder transportation bag. | Ukranian | New World Order. | 40 kg of ammonite powder. | 19.98 lb |
| M112 demolition charge | American. | New World Order | 25 lb of C-4 | 33.33 lb |
| 18 inch Mark XVII torpedo | British | WW2 | 600 lb (270 kg) Torpex | 900 lb |
| Fritz X missile | Nazi German | WW2 | 320 kg (705 lb) of amatol | 775.5 lb |
| 1980's IRA 'spectacular' bomb | The IRA | Cold War | ~1.481 tons of Semtex | ~2 tons |
| Timothy McVeigh's Oklahoma City bombing device. | American far right | New World Order | Just over 4,800 pounds (2,200 kg) of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, nitromethane, and diesel fuel combined as ad mixture. | Just over 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg) of TNT. |
| ASM-A-1 Tarzon bomb | American | WW2 | 5,200 lb (2,400 kg) of Torpex D1 | 3.9 tons |
| Talboy bomb | Britsh | WW2 | 5,200 lb (2,400 kg) of Torpex D1 | 3.9 tons |
| Grand slam bomb | British | WW2 | 4,144 kg (9,136 lb) of Torpex D1 | 6.5 tons |
| Mk-54 (Davy Crockett) infantry rocket launcher | American | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 10 or 20 tons (AKA: 0.010 kilotons or 0.020 kilotons) |
| GBU-43/B Massive Ordnance Air Blast (MOAB) | American | New World Order | 8,500 kg (18,700 lb) of H6 | 11 tons |
| Mk-54 Special Atomic Demolition Munition device (SADM). | American | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 10 tons to 1 kiloton |
| W48 nuclear artillery shell | American | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 72 tons of TNT (0.072 kiloton). |
| Pluton missile | French | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 15 or 25 kilotons. |
| Little Boy bomb | American | WW2 | U-235 atomic warhead | ~15-16 kilotons. |
| Fat Man | American | WW2 | Plutonium atomic warhead | ~21 kilotons. |
| Operation Buster test blast | American | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 21 kilotons |
| UGM-27 Polaris missile | American | Cold War | 3 atomic warheads | 200 kilotons x 3 |
| R-12 (SS-4 Sandal) | Soviet | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 2.3 megatons. |
| Ivy Mike test blast | American | Cold War | Atomic warhead | 10.4 megatons. |
Videos[]
World War 3 Russia conducts surprise Large Scale Snap Nuclear Attack Drill (Oct 31, 2013)
World War 3: Russia conducts surprise Large Scale Snap Nuclear Attack Drill (Oct 31, 2013).
NUCLEAR-WAR---N-Korea-ARTILLERY-n-strategic-MISSILE-forces-on-ALERT-to-ATTACK-US-targets- WW3
NUCLEAR-WAR---N-Korea-ARTILLERY-n-strategic-MISSILE-forces-on-ALERT-to-ATTACK-US-targets-[WW3].
Soviet Union destroys North America (Nuclear War) - clip from the 1977 film
Soviet Union destroys North America (Nuclear War) - clip from the 1977 film.
Atomic Alert A Real Attack
The propaganda film "Atomic Alert: A Real Attack".
Atomic Attack (1950)
Atomic Attack (1950).
Nuclear Attack Strike On The U.K. Scenario (Not For The Squeamish)-0
Nuclear Attack Strike On The U.K. Scenario (Not For The Squeamish).
Protect & Survive - 1970's UK Public infommercials On Nuclear War Preparation
Protect & Survive - 1970's UK Public infommercials On Nuclear War Preparation.
Nuke prank UK HD
Nuke prank UK HD by You Tube user The Volvic3 Project.
THERMONUCLEAR WARFARE U.S. Nuclear Retaliation Scenario (720p)
THERMONUCLEAR WARFARE: U.S. Nuclear Retaliation Scenario (720p).
Those leaders who have to agree to lauch nukes[]
USSR/Russia[]
President, Defence Minister, the Joint Chief of Staffs and the head of the Strategic Rocket Forces.
USA[]
President, Defence Sectary, National Military Command Centre at the Pentagon and the Global Operations Centre at US Strategic Command.
UK[]
Prime Minister, defence Minister and the Joint Chief of Staffs.
Lunching rules[]
- The following nations would not use atomic arms unless in revenge for being nuked.
- China.
- India (prior to 2022).
- USSR (under Gorbachev).
- The following nations would not use them unless there invaded by a massive force from or in revenge for being nuked.
- Russia (under Boris Yelstin).
- France.
- United States. (under Harry S. Truman, Ike, JFK,George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.)
- N. Korea
- Belarus
- Pre-emptive strike
- United States. (under Ronald Reagan an reportedly Donald Trump- second term in office )
- USSR (under Nikita Khrushchev)
- To win WW2.
- USA (under Franklin D. Roosevelt).
- Unknown since the don't seam to get the need for launching rules.
- USA (under Donald Trump- first term in office and Joe Biden).
- Surprise attack.
- United States. (under Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter).
- USSR. (under Yuri Andropov)
- The following nations would not use them unless there invaded by a massive force from or in revenge for being nuked, chem'ed or bio'ed.
- USA (under George W. Bush)
- The following nations would use them to make wars a lot easier or against rogue states like N. Korea or in revenge for being nuked .
- United Kingdom.
- The following nations would not use them unless their invaded by a nuclear capable nation, but is willing to do a surprise attack on India.
- Pakistan.
- The following nations would not use atomic arms unless in revenge for being nuked, but is willing to do a pre-emptive attack on Pakistan.
- India (2022 onwards).
- Unknown, but probably just for the fun of it if China was not holding them back.
- Russia (under Vladimir Putin).
- The following nations would use them only if all else failed and the nation was about to fall.
- Israel.
- Apartheid S. Africa.
- 1950s/1960s Sweden.
- Unknown
- N. Korea
- The following nations would use them on the whim of their leader.
- Terrorists.
The futility of it all[]
Only the USA and USSR\Russia could have huge arsenal's, but China is trying to catch up in the 2020s. The other option is just a small arsenal to see of rogue states and terrorists. The only reason the UK bought US nukes was due to the cost of them. Well, France was right, the US sold the UK useless inert missiles or ones which could be deactivated with a Whitehouse kill switch in them! Only the 5 remaining 10kt freefall bombs are British and OK. It was a criminal waste of cash buying and relying over priced trash. It would be better for the UK and France if they had a join force due to economies of scale. A joint arsenal of 600 missiles sound much better.
Refugee deaths[]
It is reckoned that broken sewers and water mains after a conventional or atomic war would cause cholera, typhoid, typhus and paratyphoid epidemics in refuge camps and ruined cities. Refugee camps and ruined cities in the Western World and the more civilised parts of the Eastern Bloc like East Germany, Moscow and Tallinn would not get cholera, typhoid, typhus and paratyphoid epidemics after a 1981 East-West war since it was eradicated between the 1890 to 1970s depending on the location in question. As a result rickettsia prowazekii, rickettsia typhi, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica/Salmonella typhi, and vibrio cholerae would be extinct in those places. That said, poor hygiene will case a different type of hell in the refugee camps as every one gets the sh*ts! The the common cold and influenza would also run rife in poor living conditions.
- The common place bacteria enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Cryptosporidium a, Campylobacter and Escherichia coli O157:H7 would cause severe illnesses across the camps. Transmission would be via the faecal–oral route or through the distribution and eventual eating of contaminated raw leaf green vegetables, undercooked meat and raw milk.
- Listeria would thrive in in uncooked meats, uncooked vegetables, fruits including cantaloupe and apples, pasteurized or unpasteurized milk and milk products, and processed foods.
- Salmonella enterica (formerly Salmonella choleraesuis) would thrive in raw chicken eggs and goose eggs, initially in the egg whites, although most eggs are not infected. As the egg ages at room temperature, the yolk membrane begins to break down and can spread into the yolk.
- Botulism would thrive on fish that has been pickled without the salinity or acidity of brine that contains acetic acid and high sodium levels, as well as smoked fish stored at too high a temperature and improperly canned food.
- The common place Norovirus speed by The virus is usually spread by the faecal–oral route. This may be through contaminated food or water or person-to-person contact.
- The common place Rotavirus speed by The virus is usually spread by the faecal–oral route. In addition to its impact on human health, rotavirus also infects other animals, and is a pathogen of livestock.
- Helicobacter pylori, previously known as Campylobacter pylori would cause gastritis via the fecal–oral route.
- The Hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D and hepatitis E would cause hepatitis via the fecal–oral route, poor hygiene and by the spreading of bobbly fluids.
Also see[]
- Nuclear weapons
- Atomic demise (1979-1986)
- A surprise nuclear attack
- Nuclear fallout
- Atomic accidents and disasters
- Atomic\nuclear power stations
- Those nations who almost got Cold War nukes
- Mushroom cloud
- Atomic arsenals
- Bomb blast effects
- Atomic accidents and disasters
- The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND)
- Atomic War
- Atomic warfare information notes.
- A nuclear\atomic holocaust or nuclear apocalypse
- Nukes
- Explosive blast\yield
- Atomic arsenals
- Bomb blast effects
- Atomic accidents and disasters
- Atomic\nuclear power stations
- Geiger-Muller counter
- "Poland is 'toast'!"
- Nuclear fallout
- Atomic videos
- Nuclear briefcase (UK)
- Cheget (USSR)
- «mobile base» (France)
- Nuclear football (USA)
- Atomic warfare information notes.
- A nuclear\atomic holocaust or nuclear apocalypse
- DEFCON 1
- HANDEL
- CONELRAD
- Cuban Missile Crisis
- EMP
- Thames flood notes (OTL)
- Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)
- Mushroom cloud
- Ike
- Atomic videos
- RAF Fylingdales
- Atomic arsenals
- Mushroom cloud
- Nuclear warfare
- Designated survivor
- Two-man rule
- Permissive Action Link
- Emergency Action Message
- The 20 sad Warsaw Pact deaths in the 5 day Warsaw Pact attack on Lübeck of of May 1-5, 1981 (hypothetical).
- Special Weapons Emergency Separation System
- Korean War
- UK war time regional seats of government
- Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)
- Atomic accidents and disasters
- Davy Crockett Weapon System
- Ballistic missile submarines
- America's nuclear targets in 1959
- Buster-Jangle Charlie
- The atomic artillery peace ‘Atomic Annie’
- 1960 Bomarc Missile accident
- Operation Chrome Dome
- B-52 Stratofortress bomber
- Johnston Atoll
- Hack Green
- POMCUS sites
- Mushroom cloud
- Woomara test range
- Four-minute warning
- Americas' nuclear targets in 1959
- Atomic nuts
- Attempted nuclear war simulation (TL)
- Duck and cover
- Hack Green Secret Nuclear Bunker
- Kelvedon Hatch emergency broadcast tower
- Wartime Broadcasting Service (UK)
- Nuclear briefcase
- Mount Yamantau
- Second Artillery Corps (PRC)
- National Command Authority (USA)
- CND
- A nuclear pre-emptive strike
- A surprise nuclear attack
- A nuclear\atomic holocaust or nuclear apocalypse
- RAF Upper Heyford
- RAF Fylingdales
- Atomic Weapons Establishment near Aldermaston
- Nukes
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
- A surprise nuclear attack
- Operation Chrome Dome
- Atomic warfare information notes.
- Pre-emptive strike
- A surprise nuclear attack
- 1960 Bomarc Missile accident
- 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash
- 1963 Test Ban Treaty
- 1966 Palomares B-52 crash
- 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash
- 1980 Titan II Missile Explosion
- 1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident
- A surprise nuclear attack
- Atomic warfare information notes.
- Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow
- Ballistic missile submarines
- Bikini Atoll
- Castle Bravo test blast miscalculation
- Chapelcross nuclear power station partial meltdown
- CND
- Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
- Convair F-106A Delta Dart
- Davy Crockett Weapon System
- Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)
- Germany's Fulda Gap
- Greenham Air Base
- Johnston Atoll
- Mushroom cloud
- Nukes
- Winning a hot war
- Operation Chrome Dome
- Operation Square Leg (1980) and Exercise Hard Rock (1982)
- Pre-emptive strike
- RAF Molesworth
- RAF Upper Heyford
- Seven days to the River Rhine (1979)
- Soviet invasion of Denmark
- Soviet/NATO invasion of Finland
- The 10 kiloton "Baneberry" weapons test error in Operation Emery
- The atomic artillery peace ‘Atomic Annie’
- Threshold Test Ban Treaty
- Treaties
- Tsar Bomba
- UK war time regional seats of government
- Wartime Broadcasting Service
- RAF Upper Heyford
- RAF Fylingdales
- Atomic Weapons Establishment near Aldermaston
- Nukes
- Hack Green Secret Nuclear Bunker
- Kelvedon Hatch emergency broadcast tower
- Wartime Broadcasting Service (UK)
- Geiger-Muller counter
- Seven days to the River Rhine (1979)
- Soviet invasion of Denmark
- Soviet/NATO invasion of Finland
- The 10 kiloton "Baneberry" weapons test error in Operation Emery
- RAF Upper Heyford
- RAF Fylingdales
- Atomic Weapons Establishment near Aldermaston
- Nukes
- Hack Green Secret Nuclear Bunker
- Kelvedon Hatch emergency broadcast tower
- Wartime Broadcasting Service (UK)
- Atomic Weapons Establishment near Aldermaston
- Nukes
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
- DEFCON 1
- HANDEL
- CONELRAD
- Cuban Missile Crisis
- EMP
- Cuba
- Cold War
- Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)
- Mushroom cloud
- Ike
- The 'false' Cold War theory
- Korean War
- UK war time regional seats of government
- Chapelcross nuclear power station partial meltdown
- Nuclear briefcase
- Mount Yamantau
- Second Artillery Corps (PRC)
- National Command Authority (USA)
- CND
- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
- A surprise nuclear attack
- Operation Chrome Dome
- Atomic warfare information notes.
- Pre-emptive strike
- A surprise nuclear attack
- 1960 Bomarc Missile accident
- 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash
- 1963 Test Ban Treaty
- 1966 Palomares B-52 crash
- 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash
- 1980 Titan II Missile Explosion
- 1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_blindness
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- http://www.collective-evolution.com/2015/05/09/the-real-reason-america-dropped-the-atomic-bomb-it-was-not-to-end-the-war/
- http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/what-would-happen-if-a-nuclear-bomb-hit-britain-modelling-world-war-three-a6750216.html
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEANu1DRrys
- https://gizmodo.com/how-many-nukes-will-it-really-take-to-instantly-annihil-5348269#:~:text=Now%20divide%20the%20total%20number%20of%20square%20kilometers,every%20single%20one%20of%20us%20in%20a%20millisecond.
- https://gizmodo.com/in-1945-scientists-calculated-how-many-nukes-could-des-1672219266#:~:text=A%20newly%20declassified%20document%20obtained%20by%20a%20nuclear,atmospheric%20radiation%20to%20wipe%20out%20the%20human%20race.
- https://gizmodo.com/how-many-nukes-will-it-really-take-to-instantly-annihil-5348269#:~:text=Now%20divide%20the%20total%20number%20of%20square%20kilometers,every%20single%20one%20of%20us%20in%20a%20millisecond.
- https://gizmodo.com/in-1945-scientists-calculated-how-many-nukes-could-des-1672219266#:~:text=A%20newly%20declassified%20document%20obtained%20by%20a%20nuclear,atmospheric%20radiation%20to%20wipe%20out%20the%20human%20race.
- https://www.iflscience.com/how-many-nukes-would-it-take-to-totally-screw-humanity-48281
- https://petscareinf.com/articles/how-much-can-a-nuke-wipe-out/1169
- https://gizmodo.com/in-1945-scientists-calculated-how-many-nukes-could-des-1672219266#:~:text=A%20newly%20declassified%20document%20obtained%20by%20a%20nuclear,atmospheric%20radiation%20to%20wipe%20out%20the%20human%20race.
- https://petscareinf.com/articles/how-much-can-a-nuke-wipe-out/1169
- https://www.businessinsider.in/defense/heres-how-many-super-nukes-american-scientists-thought-it-would-take-to-destroy-the-world-in-1945/articleshow/55929112.cms
- https://gizmodo.com/in-1945-scientists-calculated-how-many-nukes-could-des-1672219266
- https://nationalinterest.org/feature/americans-shouldnt-doubt-nuclear-chain-command-210109
- https://pwkinternational.com/2024/12/09/leadership-technology-and-the-nuclear-command-chain-adapting-for-an-uncertain-future/
- https://nuclearnetwork.csis.org/updating-nuclear-command-control-and-communication/
- https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/IF/PDF/IF11697/IF11697.3.pdf
- https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/5437888-america-nuclear-strike-preparedness/
- https://pwkinternational.com/2024/12/09/leadership-technology-and-the-nuclear-command-chain-adapting-for-an-uncertain-future/
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILU9QEc4Y1s